本篇論文目錄導航:
【題目】政府促進小微企業發展的稅收政策探析
【第一章】我國小微企業財稅扶持政策探究緒論
【第二章】小微企業相關理論及我國小微企業發展概況
【第三章】財稅扶持政策促進小微企業發展的理論分析
【第四章】促進我國小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策現狀分析
【第五章】財稅扶持政策促進小微企業發展的國際經驗與借鑒
【第六章】完善我國促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策建議
【結語/參考文獻】財稅扶持下小微企業發展研究結語與參考文獻
摘 要
隨著國家不斷強化市場在配置資源中的主導作用,小微企業作為市場經濟中重要的微觀主體,其在促進經濟發展和社會和諧方面的重要作用,也受到了社會各界的持續關注。但隨著世界經濟形勢的變化,人民幣相對外幣的升值預期,以及國內通貨膨脹壓力和勞動力、原材料成本的不斷提高,導致我國小微企業的發展面臨較大的壓力和困難。為此,政府部門出臺了包括財稅扶持政策在內的多項政策措施,用以扶持我國小微企業的健康發展。然而,由于小微企業的內部原因和市場競爭的缺陷,以及現行的財稅扶持政策措施還不夠完善等原因,我國小微企業的健康發展還存在諸多制約。因此,針對我國當前小微企業發展的現狀,研究和探索財稅扶持政策的有效作用機制,運用財稅扶持手段促進其健康成長,具有積極的理論與實踐意義。
本文采用了規范分析的方法,緊扣財稅扶持政策應該如何促進我國小微企業發展這一主題,將扶持小微企業發展的理念貫穿全文。首先采用文獻研究的方法對小微企業財稅政策的研究現狀進行梳理;然后,對小微企業的相關概念加以區分,并介紹了國內外關于小微企業的界定情況;在對財稅政策扶持小微企業發展的理論和現實依據分析的基礎上,對當前財稅扶持政策現狀進行深入研究,分析現行財稅扶持政策當中存在的缺陷;最后,采用借鑒研究和理論研究的方法,綜合運用掌握的經濟理論和財稅理論,結合實踐提出了具有針對性和可操作性的促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策建議。通過本文的研究分析,筆者認為完善我國促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策應從以下方面采取措施:
首先,完善我國促進小微企業的財政政策。創新財政扶持政策措施,完善財政間接扶持機制,發揮財政政策的引導作用;構建立以財政支持為主體的小微企業融資擔保體系,解決小微企業的融資難問題;完善扶持小微企業發展的財政資金管理制度,提高財政資金支出效率,發揮財政監督在小微企業發展中的促進作用;完善政府采購制度,擴大小微企業的市場份額。
其次,完善我國促進小微企業的稅收扶持政策。逐步增加以間接優惠為主的稅收優惠方式;對不同的小微企業實施差別化的稅收政策;調整和完善流轉稅政策,促進小微企業公平競爭;完善企業所得稅政策,增強小微企業發展后勁;建立健全促進小微企業發展的稅收征管模式,降低小微企業的納稅成本。
最后,完善扶持小微企業發展的相關配套措施。調整并統一小微企業的認定標準;建立健全促進小微企業發展的法律體系;規范協調小微企業的各類財稅扶持政策;構建中央財政支持與地方財政支持的聯動機制。
筆者通過大量的文獻研究,力圖結合具體實際,合理的將財稅理論運用到扶持小微企業發展的實踐中來,大體上提出了構建和完善促進我國小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策總框架,為完善我國現行的小微企業財稅扶持政策提供了理論的依據,也期望相關政策建議具有一定的實踐參考價值。
關鍵詞:小微企業 財稅扶持 財政政策 稅收優惠
Abstract
As the country continuously strengthen the leading role of the market inthe allocation of resources, small and micro-enterprises as a importantmicro-main body in market economy and its important role in promotingeconomic development and social harmony, has been sustained attention fromthe community. However, with the changes in the world economic situation,Yuan appreciation expectations relative to foreign currencies, as well asdomestic inflation pressures, rising costs of raw materials and labor, led to thedevelopment of small and micro-enterprises in our country face greaterpressure and difficulties. To this end, the Government introduced severalpolicies, including the finance and taxation supporting policy measures to propup the healthy development of small and micro-enterprises in China. However,due to the small internal causes and defects of market competition ofmicro-enterprises, as well as the existing finance and taxation supporting policymeasures is still not perfect and other reasons, the healthy development ofsmall and micro-enterprises in China still has many restrictions. Therefore,according to the current status of small micro-enterprise development,research and explore the effective role of finance and taxation supportingpolicy mechanism, using fiscal support measures to promote their healthydevelopment, theory and practice of positive significance.
Standard analysis method used in this paper, focusing on the fiscal supportpolicies should be the subject of how to promote the development of small andmicro-enterprises in China, will be supporting the development of smallbusiness concept throughout. First to use literature research method for smallbusiness finance and tax policy research of carding, Then the distinctionbetween concepts related to small business, as well as on the definition ofsmall and micro-enterprises at home and abroad; Fiscal and tax policiessupporting the development of small and micro-enterprises on the basis ofanalysis of the theoretical and practical basis, in-depth study of the State of thecurrent finance and taxation supporting policy, analysis of existing finance andtaxation supporting policy defects. Finally, the study and research methods areused, the integrated application of knowledge of economic theory and financeand taxation theory, combined with the practice of the relevance and operabilityof the finance and taxation supporting policy recommendations to promotesmall business development. Through analysis of this study, the author thinksthat perfect fiscal support policies to promote small business development inour country from the following measures:
First of all, perfecting China's fiscal expenditure policy of promotion ofsmall and micro-enterprises. Innovative financial supporting policy measures,improving financial indirect support mechanisms, fiscal spending policies of roleto play. Structure established with financial support from the main body ofsmall micro-enterprise financing guarantee system, solve the financingproblems of small and micro-enterprises; Improving supporting thedevelopment of small and micro-enterprises financial management system,improve the efficiency of fiscal expenditure and financial oversight role topromote small business development; Perfecting government procurementsystem, and expand the market share of small and micro-enterprises.
Secondly, improving China's tax supporting policy for promoting small andmicro-enterprises. Gradually increase to indirect preferential tax benefits;Implements the differentiated to the different small micro enterprise the taxpolicy; Adjust and improve the circulation tax policy to promote small businessfair competition; Improve the enterprise income tax policies to enhance smallbusiness development potential; Establishes perfectly promotes the taxrevenue collection pattern which the small micro enterprise develops, reducesthe small micro enterprise the tax payment cost.
Finally, perfecting the related complementary measures supporting thedevelopment of small and micro-enterprises. Adjustment and uniformstandards of identification of small and micro-enterprises; establishing andperfecting the legal system to promote small business development code forcoordination of all kinds of small business finance and taxation supportingpolicy;Building a central linkage mechanism of financial support and financialsupport.
Author through a large amount of literature research, seeks to combinespecific practical. Reasonable utilizes the finance and taxation theory supportsin the practice which the small micro enterprise develops, proposed on thewhole constructs and consummates promotes the finance and taxation supportpolicy total frame which our country small micro enterprise develops, onperfecting the current small business finance and taxation supporting policyprovides a theoretical basis, in the hope that relevant policy recommendationshas a certain practical reference value.
Key words: Small and micro-enterprises; Finance and taxation Supportpolicies; Fiscal policy ;Preferential taxation policy
目 錄
第 1 章 緒 論
1.1 研究背景及意義
1.1.1 研究背景
1.1.2 研究意義
1.2 國內外研究綜述
1.2.1 國外研究綜述
1.2.2 國內研究綜述
1.2.3 研究狀況評述
1.3 論文的研究方法、內容結構和創新之處
1.3.1 論文的研究方法
1.3.2 論文的內容結構
1.3.3 論文的創新之處和不足
第 2 章 小微企業相關理論及我國小微企業發展概況
2.1 小微企業相關理論
2.1.1 小微企業的概念
2.1.2 小微企業相關概念的區分
2.1.3 小微企業的界定標準
2.1.4 小微企業的特征
2.1.5 小微企業在我國經濟社會中的作用
2.2 我國小微企業發展概況
2.2.1 我國小微企業的發展歷程
2.2.2 我國小微企業發展現狀
2.2.3 當前我國小微企業發展面臨的困境
第 3 章 財稅扶持政策促進小微企業發展的理論分析
3.1 財稅政策扶持小微企業發展的依據
3.1.1 政府干預市場經濟的必要性
3.1.2 財稅政策引導小微企業健康發展的有效性
3.2 促進小微企業發展的財稅政策工具及其作用機理
3.2.1 財政政策工具及其作用機理
3.2.2 稅收政策工具及其作用機理
3.3 財稅扶持政策促進小微企業發展的傳導機制
3.3.1 財政政策扶持小微企業發展的傳導機制
3.3.2 稅收政策扶持小微企業發展的傳導機制
第 4 章 促進我國小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策現狀分析
4.1 我國現行促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
4.1.1 促進小微企業發展的財政扶持政策
4.1.2 促進小微企業發展的稅收扶持政策
4.2 現行促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策的缺陷
4.2.1 現行促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策實施狀況
4.2.2 現行促進小微企業發展的財政扶持政策中存在的問題
4.2.3 現行促進小微企業發展的稅收扶持政策中存在的問題
第 5 章 財稅扶持政策促進小微企業發展的國際經驗與借鑒
5.1 發達國家促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.1.1 美國促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.1.2 歐盟國家促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.2 金磚國家促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.2.1 俄羅斯促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.2.2 巴西促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策
5.3 國外促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策借鑒
5.3.1 通過立法制定扶持小微企業的法律法規
5.3.2 設立小微企業專門管理服務機構
5.3.3 各國采取了具有本國特色的財稅扶持政策措施
5.3.4 各國制定的財稅扶持政策措施的針對性較強
5.3.5 政策扶持力度大、范圍廣、方式多
第 6 章 完善我國促進小微企業發展的財稅扶持政策建議
6.1 完善促進我國小微企業發展的財政扶持政策建議
6.1.1 創新財政扶持政策措施,完善財政間接扶持機制
6.1.2 構建以財政支持為主體的小微企業融資擔保體系
6.1.3 完善扶持小微企業發展的財政資金管理制度
6.1.4 完善政府采購的政策措施
6.2 完善促進我國小微企業發展的稅收扶持政策建議
6.2.1 逐步增加以間接優惠為主的稅收優惠方式
6.2.2 對不同的小微企業實施差別化的稅收政策
6.2.3 調整和完善流轉稅政策,促進小微企業公平競爭
6.2.4 完善企業所得稅政策,增強小微企業發展后勁
6.2.5 建立健全促進小微企業發展的稅收征管模式
6.3 完善扶持小微企業的相關配套政策措施
6.3.1 調整并統一小微企業的認定標準
6.3.2 建立健全促進小微企業發展的法律體系
6.3.3 規范協調小微企業的各類財稅扶持政策
6.3.4 構建中央財政支持與地方財政支持的聯動機制
結 語
致 謝
參考文獻