中文摘要
Abstract
一、結論
(一) 研究背景
(二) 國內外研究現狀及分析
(三) 研究的日的與意義
(四) 研究思路
(五) 研究方法
(六) 研究內容
(七) 創新點
二、我國水污染的現狀分析
(一) 總體概況
(二) 江河污染現狀分析
(三) 地下水污染現狀分析
三、水污染的危害對象
(一) 水污染對人體的危害
(二) 水污染對水生生物的危害
(三) 水污染對工農業生產的影響
四、生態倫理視角下分析我國水污染的原因
(一) 人與自然之間倫理關系的淡漠
(二) 生態保護倫理觀念的缺失
(三) 缺乏適應國情的生態倫理道德體系
(四) 生態倫理道德教育體系不夠完善
(五) 生態倫理意識淡薄
(六) 環境法律觀念缺失
五、生態倫理視角下解決我國水污染的對策
(一) 提高生態倫理意識
(二) 積極開展節水型社會的建設
(三) 建設中國生態倫理學
(四) 建立生態倫理教育體系
(五) 強化環境法律觀念
(六) 以生態文明建設為指導
六、結語
參考文獻
致謝
中文摘要
水資源是萬物生命的源泉,是我國經濟建設的命脈。隨著國民經濟的跨越式發展,對水資源的需求和消耗逐年增加,對水資源無限制的開采及不合理的使用,導致了水資源被大面積的污染,對生態環境造成了極大的破壞。所以,本文用生態倫理的視角來研究我國水污染產生的原因,并探求其解決途徑。與其他國家相比,我國的水資源相對較少,而且水污染現象普遍存在且較為嚴重;在水資源的管理與防治方面也依舊存在著與可持續性發展背道而馳的因素。長期的水污染治理并沒有讓水質有大的改觀,隨著經濟發展對水資源依賴性的增加,水污染問題反而日益激化,突發事件頻發;這讓環保部門處于被嚴厲問責的尷尬狀態,社會公眾因自身利益被動受損而處于“用水擔憂”的狀態。水污染是一種外部性的問題,不能單純地靠環境污染治理技術來解決,需要從造成外部性原因的道德觀念和社會政治出發,對水污染的內在原因進行分析,從而在尊重客觀存在的同時提高意識、樹立觀念、加強教育;探求水污染的內在解決途徑,為我國水資源保護的生態文明建設提供新的思路與對策。
文章中首先對我國水資源與水污染的現狀進行了闡述并分析,進而論述了水污染給人體、水生生物所造成的危害及對工農業生產的影響;其次通過查閱大量文獻,結合所學倫理學的專業知識,剖析水污染問題的產生是由于對人與自然的關系認識的不夠、環保倫理觀念的缺失、缺乏適應本國國情的環境倫理道德體系、環境倫理道德教育體系的有待完善、環境法律意識及環境倫理意識的淡薄等諸多深層次的原因;最后針對水污染問題產生的上述深層次原因,提出了樹立水資源保護的生態倫理觀、加快環境倫理學研究步伐與環境倫理教育體系的建立、強化觀念、提高意識、以生態文明建設為指導來防治水污染,保護水資源的解決途徑。
關鍵詞:生態倫理 水污染 原因 解決途徑
Abstract
Water is the source of life, everything is the lifeblood of economic constructionin our country. With the leap-forward development of national economy, the demandfor water resources and consumption increase year by year, unlimited exploitation ofwater resource and unreasonable use, caused the pollution of water is large, causedgreat damage to the ecological environment. So, in this paper, using the perspective ofecological ethics to study the causes of water pollution in our country, and to seek forthe solution. Compared with other countries, our country's water resources isrelativelysmall, and the phenomenon is widespread and serious water pollution; In the aspect ofwater resources management and the prevention and control is still run counter to thesustainable development factors exist. Long-term water pollution governance does notmake big change in water quality, with the increase of economic development onwater resource dependency, water pollution is becoming more and more intensifiedinstead, frequent emergencies; The environmental protection departments in the strictaccountability embarrassing state, social public interests by its passive damage and isin a state of “concern” with water. Externality of water pollution is a problem, can notsimply rely on environmental pollution control technology to solve, need from causesthe external moral concept and social politics, to analyze the internal causes of waterpollution, and to respect the objective existence of raising awareness, set up theconcept, strengthen the education at the same time; To explore the inner solution ofwater pollution, water resources protection in China's construction of ecologicalcivilization provides new train of thought and countermeasures.
Article first describes the status quo of water resources and water pollution in ourcountry are expounded and analyzed, and then discusses the water pollution, thedamage to human body, aquatic creatures and the impact on the industrial andagricultural production; Secondly through consulting a large number of literature, incombination with the professional knowledge of what they have learned ethics,analyze the water pollution is a result of insufficient understanding of the relationshipbetween human and nature, the lack of environmental ethics, lack of environmentalethics system adapt to its national conditions, environmental ethics moral educationsystem needs to be perfect, the environmental law consciousness and environmentalethics consciousness is weak, and many other deep reasons; Finally based on the deepcauses of water pollution, and puts forward establishing water resources protection ofthe ecological ethics, to speed up the pace of environmental ethics research and theestablishment of environmental ethics education system, strengthening the concept,raising awareness, guided by the construction of ecological civilization to preventionand control of water pollution, protect water solution.
Keywords:ecological ethics;Water pollution;reason;solution;