目 錄
中文摘要
Abstract
1 前言
1.1 選題依據
1.2 研究目的、意義
1.2.1 研究目的
1.2.2 研究意義
1.3 研究任務
1.4 文獻綜述
1.4.1 相關的概念
1.4.2 體育課程的性質
1.4.3 我國建國以來中小學體育課程改革的發展狀況
1.4.4 我國中小學體育課程改革取得的突出成就
2 研究對象與方法
2.1 研究對象
2.2 研究方法
2.2.1 文獻資料法
2.2.2 實地考察法
2.2.3 問卷調查法
2.2.4 訪談法
2.2.5 數理統計法
2.2.6 邏輯分析法
3 研究結果與分析
3.1 清華附小體育課程改革前
3.2 清華附小體育課程改革的背景、目標及口號
3.2.1 清華附小體育課程改革的背景
3.2.2 清華附小體育課程改革的目標
3.2.3 清華附小體育課程改革的口號
3.3 清華附小體育課程改革的內容分析
3.3.1 清華附小體育課程改革“每天體育三個一”
3.3.2 特殊天氣下的應對計劃
3.4 清華附小體育課程改革的教學現狀與分析
3.4.1 體育課程改革后教學目標的完成情況
3.4.2 體育課程改革后開設的選修課程
3.4.3 體育課程改革后教學的組織形式
3.4.4 體育課程改革后學生成績的評定方法
3.4.5 體育課程改革后體育課對學生的影響
3.4.6 體育課程改革后課外體育活動的開展情況
3.4.7 體育課程改革后教學教材的選用情況
3.5 影響清華附小體育課程改革的因素
3.5.1 清華附小的師資隊伍
3.5.2 行政部門對清華附小體育課程改革的態度
3.5.3 清華附小教學硬件設施的配備情況
3.6 清華附小在體育課程改革中存在的問題
3.6.1 清華附小體育課程改革的教學現狀
3.6.2 影響體育教師投入課程改革的因素
3.6.3 清華附小場地、器材的限制性
4 結論與建議
4.1 結論
4.2 建議
參考文獻
致 謝
中文摘要
隨著我國教育的不斷發展，體育課程改革隨著基礎教育改革的全面推進而進入改革的浪潮中。2011 年 1 月我國教育部最新出臺了《體育與健康課程標準》。
這一標準的頒布與實施標志著體育課程在教學領域中的重要地位，還強調了體育課程的不可替代性。2012 年是清華大學附屬小學（以下簡稱清華附?。w育課程改革的起始階段，清華附小依據新課標提出的學校體育教學內容“有彈性的”
指導方針并結合清華附小學生的具體情況，提出了發展目標。2013 年，清華附小體育組推出了“晨練微課堂”,即“X 課程”.這是為清華附小的學生提供了一個自主鍛煉的平臺。在這個平臺里，學生們可以根據自己的需求及愛好自主選擇、自主鍛煉、自主發展、自我管理。在進入 2014 年后，清華附小體育組又提出“1+X”的模式?！?”是整合后的國家體育課程：清華附小體育組提出增加體育課時數，要求每個班級一周 5 節體育課，即每天 1 節體育課，其中 3 節上國家規定課程，1 節開展足球專項訓練，促進學校品牌特色發展，還有 1 節開設體育自主選修課程，自主選修課程也有原來的八項添加至九項，增加了一門武術課?！癤”課程也由原來的“晨練微課程”轉變為“晨練微課堂+健身大課間”.至此，清華附小體育初步建立了體育“1+X 課程”體系。
本文以清華附小的體育教師及學生為調查對象，以清華大學附屬小學體育課程改革為研究對象。運用文獻資料法、實地考察法、問卷調查法、訪談法、數理統計法、邏輯分析法等研究方法對清華附小體育課程改革的現狀進行調查研究，總結清華附小在體育課程改革過程中取得的成績，找出影響清華附小體育課程改革的因素，并客觀的提出相應的解決對策，使其沿著科學、合理的方向前進。
通過對清華附小體育課程改革的調查分析后得出以下結論：
1、清華附小在體育課程改革中開設了自主選修課，打破了我國傳統且單一的體育田徑教學課，使學生掌握更多的體育技能，體育課程內容變得豐富多彩。
2、清華附小把足球專項訓練課程作為本校的品牌特色課程，足球專項訓練課的大力推廣使得學生對此產生了濃厚的興趣，提高了學生對足球的熱愛程度，更好的促進我國足球的發展。
3、“晨練微課堂”及“健身大課間”自主開放式的教學模式，開闊了學生的發展空間，吸引了更多的學生自主地、積極地投身體育鍛煉，培養了學生“終身體育”意識。
4、清華附小體育教師的短缺、工作量過大、薪酬待遇相對較低是影響清華附小體育課程改革的重要因素。
5、學校相關部門及校領導的重視，場地、器材的缺乏是阻礙、制約清華附小體育課程改革發展的關鍵因素。
關鍵詞：清華附??；體育課程改革；1+X;
Abstract
In recent years, along with a comprehensive reform of physical education topromote basic education reform into the wave of reform. January 2011 of the Ministryof Education formulated and promulgated the “Sports and Health curriculumstandards.” The promulgation and implementation of this standard marks an importantposition in the field of physical education curriculum in teaching, but also emphasizesthe physical education curriculum is irreplaceable. 2012 Tsinghua UniversityPreparatory School （hereinafter referred to as Tsinghua school to） the initial stage ofphysical education curriculum reform, Tsinghua school to school physical educationcontent according to the New Curriculum's “flexible” guidelines attached to thespecific circumstances of Tsinghua students proposed the development goals. 2013,Tsinghua school to sports groups launched a “micro classroom Morning” that “Xcourse.” This is for the school to students of Tsinghua University provides a platformfor independent exercise. In this platform, students can choose according to theirneeds and preferences, self-training, self-development, self-management. Afterentering 2014, Tsinghua school to sports group also proposed “1 + X” pattern. “1” is anational sports program after integration: Qinghua school to sports group's proposal toincrease the number of hours of sport, requiring each class section 5 physicaleducation a week, that is a daily physical education, which the state on three courses,one to carry the football special training, and promote the development of schoolbrand characteristics, as well as an open sports autonomous elective courses,independent elective courses have added to the original eight to nine, an increase of amartial arts class. “X” courses from the “Morning micro programs” to “Morningmicro classroom + Fitness large recess.” So far, the university sports school to theinitial establishment of “1 + x course” system.
In this paper, Tsinghua sports school to teachers and students for the survey, withTsinghua University Preparatory School Physical Education Curriculum Reform forthe study. The use of literature, field visits, questionnaires, interviews, statistics, logicanalysis and other research methods to the status quo Tsinghua school to sportscurriculum reform conduct research, summarize Tsinghua school to get in the physicaleducation curriculum reform process results , Tsinghua school to identify the factorsaffecting physical education curriculum reform, and objective corresponding solutionsproposed to advance along the scientific and rational direction.
Through the school to sports curriculum reform Tsinghua investigation analysisthe following conclusions:
1, Tsinghua school to open in the sports curriculum reform independent electives,breaking the traditional Chinese sport of track and field and a single teaching classes,so that students master more sports skills, physical education curriculum contentbecomes colorful.
2, Tsinghua school to the university's football program as a brand special courses,football courses allows students to promote this has generated strong interest inimproving the students' degree of passion for football, the better to promote thedevelopment of football in our country.
3, “Morning micro classroom” and “fitness large recess” independent open teachingmode, broaden students 'development, attracting more students independently,actively engaged in physical exercise, train the students' lifelong sports “consciousness.
4, Tsinghua school to sports teacher shortages, excessive workload, the relatively lowremuneration is an important factor Tsinghua school to sports curriculum reform.
5, school-related departments and school leadership attention, space, equipmentdeficiency is hindered, the key factor restricting the development of Tsinghua schoolto sports curriculum reform.
Keywords: Tsinghua Fuxiao; sports curriculum reform; 1 + X;
中文摘要
Abstract
1 前言
1.1 選題依據
1.2 研究目的、意義
1.2.1 研究目的
1.2.2 研究意義
1.3 研究任務
1.4 文獻綜述
1.4.1 相關的概念
1.4.2 體育課程的性質
1.4.3 我國建國以來中小學體育課程改革的發展狀況
1.4.4 我國中小學體育課程改革取得的突出成就
2 研究對象與方法
2.1 研究對象
2.2 研究方法
2.2.1 文獻資料法
2.2.2 實地考察法
2.2.3 問卷調查法
2.2.4 訪談法
2.2.5 數理統計法
2.2.6 邏輯分析法
3 研究結果與分析
3.1 清華附小體育課程改革前
3.2 清華附小體育課程改革的背景、目標及口號
3.2.1 清華附小體育課程改革的背景
3.2.2 清華附小體育課程改革的目標
3.2.3 清華附小體育課程改革的口號
3.3 清華附小體育課程改革的內容分析
3.3.1 清華附小體育課程改革“每天體育三個一”
3.3.2 特殊天氣下的應對計劃
3.4 清華附小體育課程改革的教學現狀與分析
3.4.1 體育課程改革后教學目標的完成情況
3.4.2 體育課程改革后開設的選修課程
3.4.3 體育課程改革后教學的組織形式
3.4.4 體育課程改革后學生成績的評定方法
3.4.5 體育課程改革后體育課對學生的影響
3.4.6 體育課程改革后課外體育活動的開展情況
3.4.7 體育課程改革后教學教材的選用情況
3.5 影響清華附小體育課程改革的因素
3.5.1 清華附小的師資隊伍
3.5.2 行政部門對清華附小體育課程改革的態度
3.5.3 清華附小教學硬件設施的配備情況
3.6 清華附小在體育課程改革中存在的問題
3.6.1 清華附小體育課程改革的教學現狀
3.6.2 影響體育教師投入課程改革的因素
3.6.3 清華附小場地、器材的限制性
4 結論與建議
4.1 結論
4.2 建議
參考文獻
致 謝
中文摘要
隨著我國教育的不斷發展，體育課程改革隨著基礎教育改革的全面推進而進入改革的浪潮中。2011 年 1 月我國教育部最新出臺了《體育與健康課程標準》。
這一標準的頒布與實施標志著體育課程在教學領域中的重要地位，還強調了體育課程的不可替代性。2012 年是清華大學附屬小學（以下簡稱清華附?。w育課程改革的起始階段，清華附小依據新課標提出的學校體育教學內容“有彈性的”
指導方針并結合清華附小學生的具體情況，提出了發展目標。2013 年，清華附小體育組推出了“晨練微課堂”,即“X 課程”.這是為清華附小的學生提供了一個自主鍛煉的平臺。在這個平臺里，學生們可以根據自己的需求及愛好自主選擇、自主鍛煉、自主發展、自我管理。在進入 2014 年后，清華附小體育組又提出“1+X”的模式?！?”是整合后的國家體育課程：清華附小體育組提出增加體育課時數，要求每個班級一周 5 節體育課，即每天 1 節體育課，其中 3 節上國家規定課程，1 節開展足球專項訓練，促進學校品牌特色發展，還有 1 節開設體育自主選修課程，自主選修課程也有原來的八項添加至九項，增加了一門武術課?！癤”課程也由原來的“晨練微課程”轉變為“晨練微課堂+健身大課間”.至此，清華附小體育初步建立了體育“1+X 課程”體系。
本文以清華附小的體育教師及學生為調查對象，以清華大學附屬小學體育課程改革為研究對象。運用文獻資料法、實地考察法、問卷調查法、訪談法、數理統計法、邏輯分析法等研究方法對清華附小體育課程改革的現狀進行調查研究，總結清華附小在體育課程改革過程中取得的成績，找出影響清華附小體育課程改革的因素，并客觀的提出相應的解決對策，使其沿著科學、合理的方向前進。
通過對清華附小體育課程改革的調查分析后得出以下結論：
1、清華附小在體育課程改革中開設了自主選修課，打破了我國傳統且單一的體育田徑教學課，使學生掌握更多的體育技能，體育課程內容變得豐富多彩。
2、清華附小把足球專項訓練課程作為本校的品牌特色課程，足球專項訓練課的大力推廣使得學生對此產生了濃厚的興趣，提高了學生對足球的熱愛程度，更好的促進我國足球的發展。
3、“晨練微課堂”及“健身大課間”自主開放式的教學模式，開闊了學生的發展空間，吸引了更多的學生自主地、積極地投身體育鍛煉，培養了學生“終身體育”意識。
4、清華附小體育教師的短缺、工作量過大、薪酬待遇相對較低是影響清華附小體育課程改革的重要因素。
5、學校相關部門及校領導的重視，場地、器材的缺乏是阻礙、制約清華附小體育課程改革發展的關鍵因素。
關鍵詞：清華附??；體育課程改革；1+X;
Abstract
In recent years, along with a comprehensive reform of physical education topromote basic education reform into the wave of reform. January 2011 of the Ministryof Education formulated and promulgated the “Sports and Health curriculumstandards.” The promulgation and implementation of this standard marks an importantposition in the field of physical education curriculum in teaching, but also emphasizesthe physical education curriculum is irreplaceable. 2012 Tsinghua UniversityPreparatory School （hereinafter referred to as Tsinghua school to） the initial stage ofphysical education curriculum reform, Tsinghua school to school physical educationcontent according to the New Curriculum's “flexible” guidelines attached to thespecific circumstances of Tsinghua students proposed the development goals. 2013,Tsinghua school to sports groups launched a “micro classroom Morning” that “Xcourse.” This is for the school to students of Tsinghua University provides a platformfor independent exercise. In this platform, students can choose according to theirneeds and preferences, self-training, self-development, self-management. Afterentering 2014, Tsinghua school to sports group also proposed “1 + X” pattern. “1” is anational sports program after integration: Qinghua school to sports group's proposal toincrease the number of hours of sport, requiring each class section 5 physicaleducation a week, that is a daily physical education, which the state on three courses,one to carry the football special training, and promote the development of schoolbrand characteristics, as well as an open sports autonomous elective courses,independent elective courses have added to the original eight to nine, an increase of amartial arts class. “X” courses from the “Morning micro programs” to “Morningmicro classroom + Fitness large recess.” So far, the university sports school to theinitial establishment of “1 + x course” system.
In this paper, Tsinghua sports school to teachers and students for the survey, withTsinghua University Preparatory School Physical Education Curriculum Reform forthe study. The use of literature, field visits, questionnaires, interviews, statistics, logicanalysis and other research methods to the status quo Tsinghua school to sportscurriculum reform conduct research, summarize Tsinghua school to get in the physicaleducation curriculum reform process results , Tsinghua school to identify the factorsaffecting physical education curriculum reform, and objective corresponding solutionsproposed to advance along the scientific and rational direction.
Through the school to sports curriculum reform Tsinghua investigation analysisthe following conclusions:
1, Tsinghua school to open in the sports curriculum reform independent electives,breaking the traditional Chinese sport of track and field and a single teaching classes,so that students master more sports skills, physical education curriculum contentbecomes colorful.
2, Tsinghua school to the university's football program as a brand special courses,football courses allows students to promote this has generated strong interest inimproving the students' degree of passion for football, the better to promote thedevelopment of football in our country.
3, “Morning micro classroom” and “fitness large recess” independent open teachingmode, broaden students 'development, attracting more students independently,actively engaged in physical exercise, train the students' lifelong sports “consciousness.
4, Tsinghua school to sports teacher shortages, excessive workload, the relatively lowremuneration is an important factor Tsinghua school to sports curriculum reform.
5, school-related departments and school leadership attention, space, equipmentdeficiency is hindered, the key factor restricting the development of Tsinghua schoolto sports curriculum reform.
Keywords: Tsinghua Fuxiao; sports curriculum reform; 1 + X;
