本篇論文目錄導航：

【題目】遺產繼承中債權人利益保護問題探析
【引言 第一章】繼承法對債權人權益保護的規定和司法實踐
【第二章】我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的不足及其原因
【3.1】繼承制度下債權人利益之實體保護的立法建議
【3.2】我國繼承法對債權人利益之程序保護
【結語/參考文獻】繼承法中債權人的立法保護研究結語與參考文獻



摘 要

繼承法作為民法的重要組成部分，其立法的完善直接關系到對公民財產所有權的保護和法的安全價值的實現。我國繼承法非常重視遺產繼承中繼承人和被繼承人的債權人（以下簡稱遺產債權人）利益的平衡與保護，并且建立了以有限繼承為原則的繼承制度。但是由于受當時立法環境所限，我國繼承法只是籠統的規定了一個限定繼承原則，并沒有對限定繼承加以條件限制，繼而在實踐中經常出現繼承人損害遺產債權人利益的行為。面對實踐中出現的各種侵害債權人利益的問題，繼承法需要完善相關制度的立法，對受害人進行有效的司法救濟以平等保護繼承人和債權人的利益，進而促進社會的和諧與穩定。因此，遺產繼承中債權人利益保護相關立法的完善對實現債權人的合法權益有重要的理論意義，并對我國構建和諧社會也具有重要的現實意義。

法學理論的研究應立足于實踐，因此我們在研究法學理論制度的時候應該結合我國實際，從基本國情出發。本文通過對比國內外立法例，對我國遺產繼承制度中債權人利益保護所存在的不足及相關立法完善問題進行詳細論述。本文分三個部分對遺產繼承中債權人利益保護問題進行闡述，除引言和結語外，全文三大部分大約兩萬五千字。

第一部分為我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的規定和司法實務。首先，介紹我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的規定及我國對于繼承中債權人利益保護的研究現狀。其次，通過案例引出本論文選題的背景，并通過分析，概述了司法實踐中所存在的損害債權人利益的表現形式。

第二部分為我國繼承法對債權人利益保護存在的問題及其原因。本部分首先通過分析我國現行繼承法中對于遺產債權人保護的規定，引出了我國立法中所存在的問題；其次從現行繼承法在制定時受當時立法環境影響、社會對遺產繼承觀念淡薄、立法時“宜粗不宜細”的立法指導思想、繼承法制定時理論研究尚且薄弱及現代人們維權意識的增強五方面分析了繼承法存在問題的主要原因。我國繼承法實行的是無條件的有限繼承制度，由于立法較早，并沒有建立起與之配套的財產分離制度，因而司法實踐中出現了對繼承人和遺產債權人不平衡的立法保護。

第三部分為我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的立法構想。本文通過借鑒外國有益的立法經驗，針對我國立法和司法中所存在的不足，分別從實體和程序兩方面提出了完善我國繼承法的立法建議。在實體方面通過建立有條件的有限繼承制度、確立遺產清冊和遺產管理制度、明確接受和放棄繼承的期限、賦予債權人代位權及撤銷權等制度來完善我國繼承法。在程序上通過建立公示催告程序、明確訴訟主體、實行訴前財產保全及合理分配舉證責任等制度來確保債權人的利益不受侵犯。

關鍵詞：無遺囑繼承，遺產債權人，有限責任繼承，繼承法完善

Abstract

Inheritance law is an important part of civil law. The complete of the legislationis related to the protection of civil property ownership and the embodiment of themethod of safety value directly. Our country's inheritance law attaches greatimportance to balance as well as protect the interest of heirs and creditors of thedecedent, and established with limited inheritance for the principle of inheritancesystem. But due to the limitation of the legislative environment at that time, theprovisions of the succession law is a general entail principle. There is no limit to theconditions of limited succession, and it is often appears heir to the behavior of thedamage interests of heritage creditors. Inheritance law needs to complete the relatedsystem of legislation, to balance the interests of the heir and creditors, also protectthe legal property rights and to promote social harmony and stability. So it is veryimportant to complete the legislation of the protection of the creditors. In order tolook forward to building a harmonious and stable society.

The legal theory research should be based on the practice, so when we studylegal theory system ,we should start from national conditions of our country andbase on the practice. In addition, we can also learn experiences from foreigncountries in legislation, and speed up the legalization process in our country. At thesame time, we should view foreign legislation and take the dialectical thinking, takethe essence and discard the dregs. Only according to the reality of the situation andlegislation system of our country, can we use it to guide the practice finally. Thereare three parts in this article,（beside foreword and concluding remark）it includesabout 250,000 words.

The first part is about the succession law of our country to the creditor interestsprotection provisions and judicial practice. Firstly, introduce the provisions on theprotection of the creditors' interests in the succession law of our country and presentsituation of research on the protection of the creditors' interests. Secondly, this paperselected topic background through the case, and summarize the form of the damageto the interests of creditors which exists in the judicial practice.

The second part is about existing questions of our succession laws on protectingthe interests of the creditors and its causes. This part firstly, analyzes currentinheritance law in China on the protection of heritage creditors, raises the existingproblems in the legislation in our country, secondly, the main reasons of the lack ofcurrent inheritance law. In China, inheritance law is a kind of unconditional limitedinheritance system, due to legislative earlier, it didn't set up to match the propertyseparation system, so the behavior of damaging the creditor's interests has appearedin the judicial practice .

The third part is about the legislative conception of the inheritance law toprotect the creditors' interests in our country. We should draw lessons from thebeneficial experiences of foreign country, in view of the insufficiency in legislationand judicature in our country, from entity and procedure complete the legislative ofour inheritance law.

Key Words:Intestate Inheritance, Inheritor, Limited to Inherit, Improve the Inheritance Law

目 錄

引 言

一、我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的規定和司法實踐

（一）我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的規定

（二）我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的司法實踐

二、我國繼承法對債權人利益保護存在的不足及其原因

（一）我國繼承法對債權人利益保護存在的不足

（二）我國繼承法對債權人利益保護不足的原因

三、我國繼承法對債權人利益保護的立法構想

（一）我國繼承法對債權人利益之實體保護的立法建議

（二）我國繼承法對債權人利益之程序保護的立法建議

結 語

參考文獻

致 謝