本篇論文目錄導航：
【題目】山東農業節水技術推廣困境探討
【第一章】影響農業節水推廣的因素研究引言
【第二章】農業節水技術推廣理論基礎
【3.1 3.2】山東省農業節水技術應用現狀的時空差異特征
【3.3】山東省農業節水技術推廣現狀的調研分析
【第四章】山東省農業節水推廣存在問題及原因分析
【第五章】山東省農業節水技術推廣機制的作用機理分析
【結論/參考文獻】農業節水推廣機制優化研究結論與參考文獻
目 錄
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
1 引言
1.1 選題背景
1.2 選題的目的和意義1
1.3 國內外研究現狀
1.4 研究內容、方法與技術路線
1.5 創新與不足之處
2 理論基礎
2.1 農業節水技術推廣的概念
2.2 計劃行為理論
2.3 供給需求理論
2.4 參與式農業推廣理論
3 山東省農業節水技術推廣現狀分析
3.1 山東省糧食生產時空變化分析
3.2 山東省農業節水技術應用現狀的時空差異特征分析
3.3 山東省農業節水技術推廣現狀的調研分析
4 山東省農業節水技術推廣存在問題及原因分析
4.1 農業節水技術推廣主體存在問題及原因分析
4.2 農業節水技術推廣環境存在問題及原因分析
4.3 農業節水技術推廣存在其他問題及原因分析
5 山東省農業節水技術推廣機制的作用機理分析
5.1 激勵約束機制
5.2 供給推動機制
5.3 需求拉動機制
5.4 樣本帶動機制
5.5 適合山東省農業節水技術推廣機制的分析
6 研究結論與政策建議
6.1 研究結論
6.2 政策建議
參考文獻
致謝
中文摘要
本文主要從農業節水技術的推廣機制入手，旨在通過對山東省農業節水技術推廣機制的研究分析，對其進行完善，促進其發展，最終達到提高農業用水灌溉率的目的，緩解山東省水資源緊張匱乏的現狀。
本文第三章首先運用了時空差異分析法對山東省 17 地市 2001 年-2011 年節灌率、糧食總產量和單產量進行了總體描述分析，發現山東省的節水技術應用率除了淄博市和萊蕪市外總體均呈現逐年遞增的趨勢，但各地區間的節水灌溉率還是存在很大差異。工程型節水技術占據了山東省節水技術的主體地位 ,田間節水技術處于弱勢地位。糧食總產量和單產量高的地區即農業發達城市的節水灌溉率卻不高，說明山東省進一步發展節水技術的空間還是很大，需要加大推廣力度。之后運用了調查問卷的方法對山東省部分農業重點城市進行了一個調查研究，具體分析探討了目前農業節水技術的推廣應用情況和影響其發展的因素，發現調查區域使用的農業節水技術以渠道防滲灌溉和低壓管道防滲為主。調查區域農戶對節水基礎設施的投資主體、管理主體以及農業節水技術的推廣主體的期望值與現實值之間存在差距影響節水技術推廣的眾多影響因素中最主要因素是節水設施的投資主體。本文第四章對山東省農業節水技術推廣機制現狀存在的問題及原因進行了分析探討，主要從推廣主體和推廣環境入手，發現以下問題：農業節水技術研發者推廣已是欠缺；推廣主體單一，推廣渠道少；農業節水技術的使用者對節水技術的使用缺乏積極性；自然資源環境多樣，缺乏配套推廣機制；經濟環境與節水農業不匹配，設施建設資金欠缺；缺乏必要和完善的法律政策支持農業節水技術的推廣應用。
本文的第五章對山東省現在主要實行的四種農業節水技術推廣機制（激勵約束機制、供給推動機制、需求拉動機制以及樣本帶動機制）進行了描述分析，分析研究了這四種機制各自的優勢和目前存在的不足之處，得出以下結論：四種推廣機制對促進山東省農業節水技術的推廣工作做出了卓越貢獻，是需要對其進行肯定的，但就目前而言還是相對不夠完善存在諸多弊端的，仍需要我們進一步進行完善。文章的最后一部分是針對目前山東省農業節水技術的推廣現狀存在的問題提出了相關建議對策。
本文的可能創新之處：1.以往關于農業節水的文章將側重點放在農業節水技術方面的研究分析，本文從農業節水技術的推廣應用情況入手，分析探討了山東省現在主要實行的四種農業節水技術推廣機制的優勢和弊端并對其進行完善改進，旨在提高農業節水技術的推廣應用率，進而提高農業灌溉用水的灌溉效率。2.本文運用了時空差異分析法對山東省 17 地市 2001 年-2011 年十年間糧食生產情況和農業節水技術推廣應用情況進行了橫向和縱向方面的比較分析和現狀描述。之后結合調查問卷的調查情況從農戶的角度對山東省農業節水技術推廣應用情況進行了描述分析，并且分析探討了影響山東省農業節水技術推廣應用的主要因素。
關鍵詞：農業用水；灌溉效率；農業節水技術；推廣機制
Abstract
This article start from the extension mechanism of agricultural water-saving technology ,aims to study the analysis of agricultural water saving technology promotion mechanismShandong Province carried out to improve and promote its development, and ultimatelyachieve the purpose of improving agricultural water irrigation rates, ease of ShandongProvince Water scarcity tense situation.
In chapter 3, we first used the temporal difference analysis of 17 cities in ShandongProvince in 2001 - 2011 New Year filling rate, grain output and yields for the overalldescriptive analysis, found that the rate of water-saving technology in Zibo City, ShandongProvince, in addition to and outside Laiwu overall showed increasing in recent years, but thewater-saving irrigation rate across regions or there is a big difference. Engineering savingtechnologies occupy a dominant position in Shandong Province - saving technology, fieldwater-saving technology in a weak position. Grain output and yields in areas with high ratesof water-saving irrigation agriculture that is developed cities is not high, indicating that thefurther development of space saving technologies in Shandong Province is still very large,need to increase promotional efforts. After using the questionnaire method on the part of keyagricultural city in Shandong Province conducted a survey study, a detailed analysis toexplore the factors that promote the use of the current situation of agricultural water-savingtechnology and the impact of its development, found that agricultural water-savingtechnology used in the survey area and low-pressure pipe irrigation canal seepage controlseepage based. Many factors household survey area between the main water-savinginfrastructure investment, management expectations and the reality of the subject and thevalue of agricultural water-saving technology to promote the body there is a gap in thepromotion of water-saving technologies influence the most important factor is to invest inwater-saving facilities body. The fourth chapter of the existence of Shandong AgriculturalExtension Mechanism for Saving problems and their causes analyzed and discussed, mainlyfrom the promotion and diffusion of environmentally body was found the following issues:
the promotion of agricultural water-saving technology developers are lacking; promotionbody single, less marketing channels; user of agricultural water saving technologies lack ofenthusiasm for the use of water-saving technologies; diverse natural resources andenvironment, lack of supporting the extension mechanism; economic environment does notmatch the water-saving agriculture, infrastructure construction funds lacking; lack of thenecessary and perfect promotion and application of laws and policies to support agriculturalwater-saving technology. The fifth chapter of Shandong Province is now mainly practicedfour agricultural water saving technology promotion mechanism （incentive and restraintmechanisms, supply driven mechanism, demand-pull mechanism and drive mechanism of thesample） were descriptive analysis, analysis of each of these four mechanisms existingstrengths and shortcomings, the following conclusions: four extension mechanism to facilitatethe promotion of agricultural water-saving technology in Shandong Province has madeoutstanding contributions to the need to be sure, but for now still relative not perfect, there aremany drawbacks, we still need further improvement. The last part is for the promotion of theexisting status quo of Shandong Agricultural water-saving technology issues maderecommendations countermeasures article.
This article might innovations: 1 in the past on agricultural water-saving agriculturalarticles will focus on the analysis of water-saving technology, this paper to promote theapplication of agricultural water-saving technology, analyzes discussed now largely based inShandong Province four water-saving agricultural technology promotion mechanism of theadvantages and disadvantages and its refined and improved, aimed at improving agriculturalwater-saving technology promotion and application rate, thereby increasing the efficiency ofagricultural irrigation water irrigation. 2. In this paper, the temporal and spatial differenceanalysis of 17 cities in Shandong Province in 2001 - 2011 Decade between food productionand agricultural water-saving technology popularization and application conducted acomparative analysis of transverse and longitudinal aspects of the status and description. Aftercombining questionnaire investigation from the perspective of farmers to promote theapplication of agricultural water-saving technology in Shandong Province were descriptiveanalysis, and the analysis discusses the main factors affecting the Shandong Agriculturalpromote the use of water-saving technologies.
Keywords: the water used for agriculture; efficiency of irrigation; water savingtechnology of agriculture; promotion mechanism
