摘 要
在世界上各項競技體育中，足球運動稱得上是影響力最大，關注度最高，各項賽事最頻繁的運動了。足球運動在我國有著深厚的群眾基礎，成為足球的世界冠軍是每個孩子的夢想。青少年足球是足球運動發展的重要基礎，但一直以來，中國足球似乎在青少年足球培養上更多的停留在口號上，最直接的后果是校園內足球活動的急劇萎縮。因此青少年足球培養體制的改革成為了中國足球的頭等大事。經過多方努力，2009年 6 月 10 日由國家體育總局、教育部聯合召開全國青少年校園足球活動工作會議，在會議中正式宣布校園足球活動的啟動，由此足球運動被納入到全國陽光體育運動之中，足球真正的走入了校園。經過了 6 年的不斷改革與發展，足球事業趨勢向好，迎來了一個新的高潮。但相對于迅速發展的世界和亞洲足球，我國足球仍處于全方面落后。
國務院辦公廳在 2015 年 3 月 16 日的發布了《中國足球發展改革總體方案》，將足球的上升到了“國策”的高度并且調整改革中國足球協會明確了足協的定位和職能。正式出臺的改革方案給中國足球指明了方向。
將足球運動引進校園是體育教學與文化教育的又一次結合，豐富了學校體育的內容，促進了學校體育的深入開展，推動素質教育、促進青少年訓練、是國家培養和造就高素質勞動者和優秀體育后備人才的一項新的重要舉措，是整合體育、教育等資源而實施的人才培養戰略的重要措施。足球不是一項投入之后立竿見影的事業，成績要扎扎實實從基礎做起來，而青少年是打牢足球運動的基礎。唐山市被河北省體育局和教育廳確定為全省校園足球活動 6 個（張家口、保定、邯鄲、唐山、衡水、邢臺）試點城市之一。本文以唐山市 18 所校園足球特色學校為研究對象，采用文獻資料法、調查法、數理統計法和邏輯分析法等研究方法，對唐山市校園足球活動開展現狀進行了調查分析并得出結論：
1.基本器材缺乏，資金短缺，唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校在場地設施方面基本可以滿足校園足球開展的條件，但足球器材設施參差不齊。雖然唐山市教育局和體育局會定期配發一些足球訓練和比賽的裝備，但隨著足球運動開展的不斷深入，資金短缺而導致器械供應不全，有些學校足球器材設施缺失或不夠用不能完全滿足教學及訓練需求。
2.學校管理層對校園足球的理解不夠深刻，有些管理人員由于自身原因不喜歡或不擅長足球運動，因此不希望教師和同學們開展此運動。只是在某種程度上應付上級的檢查臨時組建球隊。還有部分領導認為足球運動身體對抗比較激烈，在學校開展足球運動時學生受傷不愿意承擔相應的責任或者學生家長找到學校很難處理相應的糾紛。
3.各學校足球教師缺乏執教經驗，唐山市青少年校園足球活動特色學校足球教師學歷大多為本科，他們有活力，有知識，但大部分從事校園足球事業都是半路出家，并不是專業足球運動員出身，缺乏執教經驗。
4. 唐山市各特色學校分布嚴重失衡，唐山市大部分校園足球特色學校都分布在市區，下屬區、縣只有區區幾所足球特色學校。這就是各區、縣政府以及學校對待校園足球活動的認知有所不同，再加上受經濟、硬件等問題因素影響，各學校對待校園足球活動的理解和支持的態度不一樣。
5. 競賽組織體系不完善，唐山市目前處在起步階段，只在小學開展了聯賽體制，初中只是剛開始組建足球隊并沒有系統的開展初中級足球聯賽。
6. 家長們思想陳舊，傳統的培養方式根深蒂固，有些家長可能沒有過足球運動經歷因此沒有關注過有關校園足球的資料和相關政策，導致了家長們都有傳統閉塞的思想，認為只有埋頭學習才有出路。
7. 唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校中足球課開展較少，無法做到以上課的形式系統的講授足球知識與技能。學生正處在接受足球訓練的敏感時期，有些學生具有良好的身體素質，希望接受足球專業訓練。但部分學校，尤其是初中，學生面臨著中考，體育課課時較少或者幾乎沒有導致足球教學課時占的比例很低，8. 裁判員執法比賽的業務能力較低，唐山市足協全程參與指導唐山市校園足球活動的裁判任務，并委派各級裁判員進行現場執法，由各院校委派相關教師和足球專項學生擔任，然而委派的裁判中取得裁判證的人數很少，裁判的不專業性及缺失性也是影響校園足球比賽的重要原因，這點需要引起市體育局的重視。
關鍵詞：唐山市 校園足球 調查研究 青少年
Abstract
In the world of competitive sports, football is regarded as the most influential, and thebusiest sports. Football in China has a strong mass base and to become soccer worldchampion is every child's dream for the future. Football for the youth is an importantfoundation for the development of football, but in China, football for the youth footballseems more in slogans, which leads directly to the rapid decline of the campus footballactivities. So the reform of Junior Soccer Training System has become the top priority ofChinese football. After many efforts, on June 10, 2009, the State Sports GeneralAdministration and Ministry of Education jointly held a national youth soccer activities oncampus working sessions, where it officially announced the launch of the campus footballactivities, which are incorporated into the national football sports of the sun the footballreally into the campus. After six years of continuous reform and development it hasdeveloped for the better football, and ushered in a new climax. But compared to the rapiddevelopment of Asian football and the world, our country is still behind in all aspects offootball. The State Council, on March 16, 2015, released the “development of Chinesefootball reform plan”, which will lead to football “national policy” of height adjustment andreform of the Chinese Football Association and located functions of the FootballAssociation. It formally introduces to the Chinese football reform program and points outthe direction.
The introduction of the campus football sports teaching and culture combined withanother, which enriches the content of school sports, promotes the depth of promotingquality education, and promotes youth training, national training It brings high-qualityworkers and excellent a major new initiative sports. Human resources is an importantmeasure to integrate sports, education and other resources and the implementation ofpersonnel training strategy. Teenagers are a solid foundation of football. Tangshan City,Hebei Province Sports Bureau and was identified as the province's Department of Education,one of four school football （Zhangjiakou, Baoding, Handan, Tangshan） Features city. In thispaper, 18 schools in Tangshan specialized in campus football are recognized as the researchobject, using literature data, survey, mathematical statistics and logical analysis andother research methods. Tangshan City campus football activities situation wereinvestigated and concluded:
1. There is a lack of basic equipment, and a shortage of funds. Those 18 schools inTangshan are able to meet the basic conditions in terms of site facilities to carry out thecampus football, but football equipment facility is uneven. Although Tangshan City Boardof Education and Sports Bureau will regularly allot some of football training andcompetition equipment, but with the deepening of Football in the shortage of funds, leadingto supply equipment failure, some school football equipment and facilities are missing ordon't fully meet the teaching enough and training needs.
2. The school administration don't have a deep enough understanding of football, andsome managers, due to their own reasons, do not like or are not good at football, so they donot want teachers and students to carry out this sports or just check in to cope with thesuperior temporary formation of the team. There are some leaders who believe that footballis more intense physical confrontation, so at the football schools students were injured orunwilling to bear the responsibility of parents' finding difficult to deal with the appropriateschool disputes.
3. The school teachers have a lack of coaching experience. With Tangshan City Youthcampus football school football specialties mostly undergraduate teacher education, theyhave a dynamic, knowledge, but most engaged in school football career is halfway decent,not a professional football player born. Therefore, it results in the lack of coachingexperience.
4. There occurs distribution imbalance among those 18 specialized football schools.Most of Tangshan City campus football schools are located in urban areas, and in districts,while the counties have only a few such football schools. This is because they treat schoolfootball in a different way, coupled with the impact of economic factors and hardwareproblems. All schools have different attitudes to treat campus football.
5. Competition system is imperfect. Football games in Tangshan City, are currently inits infancy, only in primary schools league system, and junior soccer teams are justbeginning to form, and there is no system of junior football league. This is far less than thelevel of football to improve and expand soccer population base, which is the popularityof football purposes. No profound spiritual implementing the national campus footballprogram in the competition authorities, there is no effective implementation of policiesissued under the Provincial Sports Bureau. Competition authorities do exist but did not playa decisive role. Improper handling in some areas hinders the development of the campusfootball activities in the city of Tangshan.
6. The parents think in the old, traditional way because of deep-rooted culture. Someparents may not have been no football experience. Their profound comprehensive collectionof information about the campus football and first off policy has led to parents' traditionalthoughts. They are not aware that the skills development is another way out.
7. There are not enough courses run in Tangshan football schools so that it leads to thelack of knowledge of football and skills system. Students are in football training sensitiveperiod, and some students have good physical football. They wish to receive professionaltraining. But some schools, especially junior high school students facing the exam, less orno physical education account for a low rate in football instructions.
8. The operational capacity of law enforcement match referee is low. But the refereetask is basically under the guidance of full participation of Tangshan City campus footballFootball Association in Tangshan City. The referee delegate national-site enforcement isdelegated by the institutions related to the teachers and students of undergraduate. Refereesare not professional and there is also a lack of referees for the campus football game.
Therefore the Municipal Sports Bureau needs to attach great importance to it.
Key Words: Tangshan City Youth football on campus Investigation Teenagers
目 錄
中文摘要
英文摘要
引言
1 文獻綜述
1.1 相關概念解釋
1.1.1 校園足球文化
1.1.2 校園足球活動
1.2 我國校園足球開展現狀的研究
1.3 我國校園足球活動的改革之路
2 研究對象與方法
2.1 研究對象
2.2 研究方法
2.2.1 文獻資料法
2.2.2 調查法
2.2.3 數理統計法
2.2.4 邏輯分析法
3 結果與分析
3.1 唐山市青少年參與校園足球運動現狀的調查與研究
3.1.1 唐山市青少年對校園足球運動意愿及關注情況的調查與研究
3.1.2 唐山市青少年參與校園足球運動動機的調查與研究
3.1.3 唐山市青少年參加校園足球訓練寸間及對文化課影響情況的調查與研究
3.2 唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校開展情況的調查與研究
3.2.1 唐山市校園足球特色學校的分布情況
3.2.2 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球場地的現狀調查與研究
3.2.3 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球課程開設情況的調查與研究
3.2.4 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球教材情況的調查與研究
3.2.5 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球教師師資情況的調查與研究
3.2.6 唐山市校園足球活動裁判員情況的調查與研究
3.2.7 唐山市校園足球特色學校的安全保障措施
3.2.8 唐山市校園足球特色學校資金投入狀況的調查與研究
3.2.9 唐山市校園足球特色學校領導對本校開展足球活動態度的調查與研究
3.2.10 唐山市足球特色學校學生家長對校園足球認知情況的調查與研究
3.3 唐山市校園足球特色學校聯賽組織體系的調查與研究
3.3.1 唐山市校園足球活動的競賽管理機構
3.3.2 唐山市聯賽組織現狀
3.4 唐山市各年齡段足球特長生統招情況的調研
結論與建議
參考文獻
后記
在世界上各項競技體育中，足球運動稱得上是影響力最大，關注度最高，各項賽事最頻繁的運動了。足球運動在我國有著深厚的群眾基礎，成為足球的世界冠軍是每個孩子的夢想。青少年足球是足球運動發展的重要基礎，但一直以來，中國足球似乎在青少年足球培養上更多的停留在口號上，最直接的后果是校園內足球活動的急劇萎縮。因此青少年足球培養體制的改革成為了中國足球的頭等大事。經過多方努力，2009年 6 月 10 日由國家體育總局、教育部聯合召開全國青少年校園足球活動工作會議，在會議中正式宣布校園足球活動的啟動，由此足球運動被納入到全國陽光體育運動之中，足球真正的走入了校園。經過了 6 年的不斷改革與發展，足球事業趨勢向好，迎來了一個新的高潮。但相對于迅速發展的世界和亞洲足球，我國足球仍處于全方面落后。
國務院辦公廳在 2015 年 3 月 16 日的發布了《中國足球發展改革總體方案》，將足球的上升到了“國策”的高度并且調整改革中國足球協會明確了足協的定位和職能。正式出臺的改革方案給中國足球指明了方向。
將足球運動引進校園是體育教學與文化教育的又一次結合，豐富了學校體育的內容，促進了學校體育的深入開展，推動素質教育、促進青少年訓練、是國家培養和造就高素質勞動者和優秀體育后備人才的一項新的重要舉措，是整合體育、教育等資源而實施的人才培養戰略的重要措施。足球不是一項投入之后立竿見影的事業，成績要扎扎實實從基礎做起來，而青少年是打牢足球運動的基礎。唐山市被河北省體育局和教育廳確定為全省校園足球活動 6 個（張家口、保定、邯鄲、唐山、衡水、邢臺）試點城市之一。本文以唐山市 18 所校園足球特色學校為研究對象，采用文獻資料法、調查法、數理統計法和邏輯分析法等研究方法，對唐山市校園足球活動開展現狀進行了調查分析并得出結論：
1.基本器材缺乏，資金短缺，唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校在場地設施方面基本可以滿足校園足球開展的條件，但足球器材設施參差不齊。雖然唐山市教育局和體育局會定期配發一些足球訓練和比賽的裝備，但隨著足球運動開展的不斷深入，資金短缺而導致器械供應不全，有些學校足球器材設施缺失或不夠用不能完全滿足教學及訓練需求。
2.學校管理層對校園足球的理解不夠深刻，有些管理人員由于自身原因不喜歡或不擅長足球運動，因此不希望教師和同學們開展此運動。只是在某種程度上應付上級的檢查臨時組建球隊。還有部分領導認為足球運動身體對抗比較激烈，在學校開展足球運動時學生受傷不愿意承擔相應的責任或者學生家長找到學校很難處理相應的糾紛。
3.各學校足球教師缺乏執教經驗，唐山市青少年校園足球活動特色學校足球教師學歷大多為本科，他們有活力，有知識，但大部分從事校園足球事業都是半路出家，并不是專業足球運動員出身，缺乏執教經驗。
4. 唐山市各特色學校分布嚴重失衡，唐山市大部分校園足球特色學校都分布在市區，下屬區、縣只有區區幾所足球特色學校。這就是各區、縣政府以及學校對待校園足球活動的認知有所不同，再加上受經濟、硬件等問題因素影響，各學校對待校園足球活動的理解和支持的態度不一樣。
5. 競賽組織體系不完善，唐山市目前處在起步階段，只在小學開展了聯賽體制，初中只是剛開始組建足球隊并沒有系統的開展初中級足球聯賽。
6. 家長們思想陳舊，傳統的培養方式根深蒂固，有些家長可能沒有過足球運動經歷因此沒有關注過有關校園足球的資料和相關政策，導致了家長們都有傳統閉塞的思想，認為只有埋頭學習才有出路。
7. 唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校中足球課開展較少，無法做到以上課的形式系統的講授足球知識與技能。學生正處在接受足球訓練的敏感時期，有些學生具有良好的身體素質，希望接受足球專業訓練。但部分學校，尤其是初中，學生面臨著中考，體育課課時較少或者幾乎沒有導致足球教學課時占的比例很低，8. 裁判員執法比賽的業務能力較低，唐山市足協全程參與指導唐山市校園足球活動的裁判任務，并委派各級裁判員進行現場執法，由各院校委派相關教師和足球專項學生擔任，然而委派的裁判中取得裁判證的人數很少，裁判的不專業性及缺失性也是影響校園足球比賽的重要原因，這點需要引起市體育局的重視。
關鍵詞：唐山市 校園足球 調查研究 青少年
Abstract
In the world of competitive sports, football is regarded as the most influential, and thebusiest sports. Football in China has a strong mass base and to become soccer worldchampion is every child's dream for the future. Football for the youth is an importantfoundation for the development of football, but in China, football for the youth footballseems more in slogans, which leads directly to the rapid decline of the campus footballactivities. So the reform of Junior Soccer Training System has become the top priority ofChinese football. After many efforts, on June 10, 2009, the State Sports GeneralAdministration and Ministry of Education jointly held a national youth soccer activities oncampus working sessions, where it officially announced the launch of the campus footballactivities, which are incorporated into the national football sports of the sun the footballreally into the campus. After six years of continuous reform and development it hasdeveloped for the better football, and ushered in a new climax. But compared to the rapiddevelopment of Asian football and the world, our country is still behind in all aspects offootball. The State Council, on March 16, 2015, released the “development of Chinesefootball reform plan”, which will lead to football “national policy” of height adjustment andreform of the Chinese Football Association and located functions of the FootballAssociation. It formally introduces to the Chinese football reform program and points outthe direction.
The introduction of the campus football sports teaching and culture combined withanother, which enriches the content of school sports, promotes the depth of promotingquality education, and promotes youth training, national training It brings high-qualityworkers and excellent a major new initiative sports. Human resources is an importantmeasure to integrate sports, education and other resources and the implementation ofpersonnel training strategy. Teenagers are a solid foundation of football. Tangshan City,Hebei Province Sports Bureau and was identified as the province's Department of Education,one of four school football （Zhangjiakou, Baoding, Handan, Tangshan） Features city. In thispaper, 18 schools in Tangshan specialized in campus football are recognized as the researchobject, using literature data, survey, mathematical statistics and logical analysis andother research methods. Tangshan City campus football activities situation wereinvestigated and concluded:
1. There is a lack of basic equipment, and a shortage of funds. Those 18 schools inTangshan are able to meet the basic conditions in terms of site facilities to carry out thecampus football, but football equipment facility is uneven. Although Tangshan City Boardof Education and Sports Bureau will regularly allot some of football training andcompetition equipment, but with the deepening of Football in the shortage of funds, leadingto supply equipment failure, some school football equipment and facilities are missing ordon't fully meet the teaching enough and training needs.
2. The school administration don't have a deep enough understanding of football, andsome managers, due to their own reasons, do not like or are not good at football, so they donot want teachers and students to carry out this sports or just check in to cope with thesuperior temporary formation of the team. There are some leaders who believe that footballis more intense physical confrontation, so at the football schools students were injured orunwilling to bear the responsibility of parents' finding difficult to deal with the appropriateschool disputes.
3. The school teachers have a lack of coaching experience. With Tangshan City Youthcampus football school football specialties mostly undergraduate teacher education, theyhave a dynamic, knowledge, but most engaged in school football career is halfway decent,not a professional football player born. Therefore, it results in the lack of coachingexperience.
4. There occurs distribution imbalance among those 18 specialized football schools.Most of Tangshan City campus football schools are located in urban areas, and in districts,while the counties have only a few such football schools. This is because they treat schoolfootball in a different way, coupled with the impact of economic factors and hardwareproblems. All schools have different attitudes to treat campus football.
5. Competition system is imperfect. Football games in Tangshan City, are currently inits infancy, only in primary schools league system, and junior soccer teams are justbeginning to form, and there is no system of junior football league. This is far less than thelevel of football to improve and expand soccer population base, which is the popularityof football purposes. No profound spiritual implementing the national campus footballprogram in the competition authorities, there is no effective implementation of policiesissued under the Provincial Sports Bureau. Competition authorities do exist but did not playa decisive role. Improper handling in some areas hinders the development of the campusfootball activities in the city of Tangshan.
6. The parents think in the old, traditional way because of deep-rooted culture. Someparents may not have been no football experience. Their profound comprehensive collectionof information about the campus football and first off policy has led to parents' traditionalthoughts. They are not aware that the skills development is another way out.
7. There are not enough courses run in Tangshan football schools so that it leads to thelack of knowledge of football and skills system. Students are in football training sensitiveperiod, and some students have good physical football. They wish to receive professionaltraining. But some schools, especially junior high school students facing the exam, less orno physical education account for a low rate in football instructions.
8. The operational capacity of law enforcement match referee is low. But the refereetask is basically under the guidance of full participation of Tangshan City campus footballFootball Association in Tangshan City. The referee delegate national-site enforcement isdelegated by the institutions related to the teachers and students of undergraduate. Refereesare not professional and there is also a lack of referees for the campus football game.
Therefore the Municipal Sports Bureau needs to attach great importance to it.
Key Words: Tangshan City Youth football on campus Investigation Teenagers
目 錄
中文摘要
英文摘要
引言
1 文獻綜述
1.1 相關概念解釋
1.1.1 校園足球文化
1.1.2 校園足球活動
1.2 我國校園足球開展現狀的研究
1.3 我國校園足球活動的改革之路
2 研究對象與方法
2.1 研究對象
2.2 研究方法
2.2.1 文獻資料法
2.2.2 調查法
2.2.3 數理統計法
2.2.4 邏輯分析法
3 結果與分析
3.1 唐山市青少年參與校園足球運動現狀的調查與研究
3.1.1 唐山市青少年對校園足球運動意愿及關注情況的調查與研究
3.1.2 唐山市青少年參與校園足球運動動機的調查與研究
3.1.3 唐山市青少年參加校園足球訓練寸間及對文化課影響情況的調查與研究
3.2 唐山市青少年校園足球特色學校開展情況的調查與研究
3.2.1 唐山市校園足球特色學校的分布情況
3.2.2 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球場地的現狀調查與研究
3.2.3 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球課程開設情況的調查與研究
3.2.4 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球教材情況的調查與研究
3.2.5 唐山市校園足球特色學校足球教師師資情況的調查與研究
3.2.6 唐山市校園足球活動裁判員情況的調查與研究
3.2.7 唐山市校園足球特色學校的安全保障措施
3.2.8 唐山市校園足球特色學校資金投入狀況的調查與研究
3.2.9 唐山市校園足球特色學校領導對本校開展足球活動態度的調查與研究
3.2.10 唐山市足球特色學校學生家長對校園足球認知情況的調查與研究
3.3 唐山市校園足球特色學校聯賽組織體系的調查與研究
3.3.1 唐山市校園足球活動的競賽管理機構
3.3.2 唐山市聯賽組織現狀
3.4 唐山市各年齡段足球特長生統招情況的調研
結論與建議
參考文獻
后記
