目 錄
摘 要
Abstract
第 1 章 前言
1.1 選題依據
1.2 選題目的、意義
第 2 章 文獻綜述
2.1 多方向移動訓練方法的界定
2.2 多方向移動訓練原理
2.2.1 多方向移動訓練的生理學原理
2.2.2 多方向移動訓練的運動力學原理
2.2.3 多方向移動訓練的動作模式分析
2.3 國內外研究現狀
2.3.1 國內研究現狀
2.3.2 國外研究現狀
2.4 多方向移動訓練方法的引進與發展
2.5 現階段網球訓練方法的突出問題
第 3 章 研究對象與方法
3.1 研究對象
3.2 研究方法
3.2.1 文獻資料法
3.2.2 訪談法
3.2.3 問卷調查法
3.2.4 實驗法
3.2.5 數理統計法
第 4 章 研究結果與分析
4.1 多方向移動訓練方法在網球訓練中的應用價值
4.1.1 提高神經系統的靈敏性
4.1.2 提高動作的速率與頻率
4.1.3 提高應急反應和變向能力
4.1.4 提高起動與加速能力
4.1.5 提高緩沖與制動能力
4.2 實驗測試內容與分析
4.3 實驗前測試結果與分析
4.3.1 兩組學生身體形態測試情況的對比
4.3.2 兩組學生身體素質測試情況的對比
4.3.3 兩組學生基本技術測試情況的對比
4.4 實驗組多方向移動訓練的內容和方法
4.4.1 背向轉身加速跑訓練
4.4.2 同向側蹬平行移動訓練
4.4.3 變向側蹬平行移動訓練
4.4.4 側向交叉跑訓練
4.4.5 “T”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.6 “Y”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.7 “S”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.8 “Z”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.9 “W”字型變向跑訓練
4.5 實驗后測試結果與分析
4.5.1 實驗組和對照組身體素質測試情況的對比
4.5.2 實驗組和對照組基本技術測試情況的對比
4.5.3 實驗組和對照組比賽成績測試情況的對比
4.5.4 實驗組和對照組比賽中技術指標的對比
結論與建議
結論
建議
參考文獻
致 謝
摘 要
自從我國女子網球運動員在世界網壇上取得了驕人的戰績，我國網球運動愈發充滿生機和活力，各高校網球訓練隊的組建和網球比賽的舉辦也在快速的發展，怎樣使高校網球比賽更加精彩、選手能發揮自己應有的水平，這些問題值得每一位網球工作者和愛好者深入地思考。高校網球運動員在學習網球運動時，經常忽略一項非常重要的技術：多方向移動技術。移動是各類體育項目都具有的一個基本要素，多方向移動是若干個單一移動技術的復合體，也是力量、速度、靈敏、協調等素質的綜合體現，通過多方向移動訓練可以最大限度地使運動員、體育愛好者和學生的速度與靈敏素質得到訓練和提高，使練習者在球場上應對各種隨機的事件時都能表現出出色的位移能力。同時，多方向移動能力的掌握，更有利于網球運動員基本技術的學習和比賽能力的發揮。
隨著國外身體運動功能訓練方法的引進與發展，多方向移動訓練方法在國外已獲得普遍認可，尤其在提高身體素質和比賽能力方面得到廣泛的好評，但是國內學者涉及的較少。本文就筆者的研究方向，對多方向移動訓練方法在高校網球訓練中的應用價值及具體訓練內容進行研究，篩選出適合發展高校網球運動員多方向移動能力的具體訓練內容，以達到提高網球運動員身體素質、基本技術和比賽能力的目的，同時，為其它高校格網對抗類項目多方向移動能力的發展提供參考。
本文主要采用實驗法，以哈爾濱學院體育系 14 屆網球訓練隊 16 名男生為研究對象，隨機分為實驗組與對照組，兩組實驗者的訓練內容相同，唯一不同的是實驗組在基本技術學習前加入多方向移動訓練。實驗前測試內容為身體形態、身體素質、基本技術，實驗后測試內容為身體素質、基本技術、比賽成績和比賽中相應技術指標的統計。得出以下結論：
（1）多方向移動訓練方法對高校網球運動員身體素質、基本技術和比賽能力有明顯提高。
（2）提高運動員身體素質方面，主要表現在靈敏性和移動能力有明顯增強。
（3）提高運動員基本技術方面，主要表現在擊球的準確性有明顯提高。
（4）提高運動員比賽能力方面，主要表現在總得分和制勝分增多、非受迫性失誤減少。
（5）多方向移動訓練方法與手段簡單易行，適用于高校網球訓練隊的日常訓練。
關鍵詞：網球；多方向移動訓練；比賽能力
Abstract
The Chinese woman's tennis athletes have achieved impressive record in theworld of tennis, it makes Chinese full of vitality and hope. The formation of the collegetennis training and the tennis team was held in rapid develop. How to make the tennisgame more exciting and players can play their proper level is an im portant topic toevery tennis athletes or tennis am ateurs. When collage tennis athlete first begun tolearn tennis, they always ignore a ve ry important technology: the study ofmulti-directional movement training. Most collage tennis training team is based ontechnical training. It is m ain include: basic skills of tennis forehand and backhand,volley ball, ball, high pressure, lob, drop shot s of the six basic fundam ental, ignore akey technology: multi-directional movement. Movement is a basic elem ent for everyphysical training. Multi-directional move ment is a complex of several single m obiletechnologies. And also it is the strength, speed, agility, coordination and other qualitiesof the comprehensive embodiment. The speed and the sensitive fitness of athlete, thephysical amateur and students can be eas ily improved through the m ulti-directionalmovement. Meanwhile the disp lacement ability can be easily show of f through thistraining. Only mastering the technology of m ulti-directional movement can we bettergrasp the tennis basic skill. It is the real sense of the master of tennis. And then we canachieve the excellent academic performance.
Tennis, classified as a skills-dom inated across-net antagonistic sport event, thegood sensitivity, response speed, movem ent speed and explosive fo rce, are the basisfor athletes to com plete high qual ity technology. With the introduction anddevelopment of foreign body m ovement function training method, multi-directionalmovement training method in foreign countries has been obtained generally recognized,especially in improving physical fitness and master the reasonable footwork ability hasbeen widely praised, but dom estic scholars involved less. In this paper, the author'sresearch direction, the application value of multi-directional movement trainingmethod in college tennis training and specific training content research, has reached tothe purpose of i mproving the tennis athlet e's physical quality, basic skills and thecompetition ability. Then selected suitable for the development of college tennis athletemulti-directional movement of specific training content. Meanwhile it prov ides thereference for the college grid against athlete developm ent about direction m ovementability.
We use the experimental method in thispaper.We choose one tennis training team which consist of 16 boys. They all come from Grade 2014 in Harbin University. The experiment was divided into the experimentalgroup and the control group random ly. The content of the training is the sam e. Theonly difference is that the exper imental group added the multi-d irection movementtraining before the basic technology study . Before the experiment, the content of thetest is body shape, physical quality and basic technology. After the experim ent, thecontent of the test is ph ysical fitness, basic technology, competition performance andtechnical indicators of the game statistics.Above these, I made a conclusion:
1.Through the m ulti-direction movement, training can improve the physicalquality, basic skills and competition ability of tennis players.
2.Multi-direction movement training in improving the physic al quality of theathletes made sensitive quality and moving ability increased significantly.
3.Multi-direction movement training in improving the basic technical aspects ofthe athletes made the accuracy of the shot increased significantly.
4.Multi-direction movement training in improving the basic technical aspects ofthe athletes made the winning points increased and the non-forced mistakes reduced.
5.Multi-direction movement training methods are simple and easy to be applied tothe daily training of college tennis team.
Keywords: Tennis; Multi-directional movement training; The competition ability
摘 要
Abstract
第 1 章 前言
1.1 選題依據
1.2 選題目的、意義
第 2 章 文獻綜述
2.1 多方向移動訓練方法的界定
2.2 多方向移動訓練原理
2.2.1 多方向移動訓練的生理學原理
2.2.2 多方向移動訓練的運動力學原理
2.2.3 多方向移動訓練的動作模式分析
2.3 國內外研究現狀
2.3.1 國內研究現狀
2.3.2 國外研究現狀
2.4 多方向移動訓練方法的引進與發展
2.5 現階段網球訓練方法的突出問題
第 3 章 研究對象與方法
3.1 研究對象
3.2 研究方法
3.2.1 文獻資料法
3.2.2 訪談法
3.2.3 問卷調查法
3.2.4 實驗法
3.2.5 數理統計法
第 4 章 研究結果與分析
4.1 多方向移動訓練方法在網球訓練中的應用價值
4.1.1 提高神經系統的靈敏性
4.1.2 提高動作的速率與頻率
4.1.3 提高應急反應和變向能力
4.1.4 提高起動與加速能力
4.1.5 提高緩沖與制動能力
4.2 實驗測試內容與分析
4.3 實驗前測試結果與分析
4.3.1 兩組學生身體形態測試情況的對比
4.3.2 兩組學生身體素質測試情況的對比
4.3.3 兩組學生基本技術測試情況的對比
4.4 實驗組多方向移動訓練的內容和方法
4.4.1 背向轉身加速跑訓練
4.4.2 同向側蹬平行移動訓練
4.4.3 變向側蹬平行移動訓練
4.4.4 側向交叉跑訓練
4.4.5 “T”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.6 “Y”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.7 “S”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.8 “Z”字形變向跑訓練
4.4.9 “W”字型變向跑訓練
4.5 實驗后測試結果與分析
4.5.1 實驗組和對照組身體素質測試情況的對比
4.5.2 實驗組和對照組基本技術測試情況的對比
4.5.3 實驗組和對照組比賽成績測試情況的對比
4.5.4 實驗組和對照組比賽中技術指標的對比
結論與建議
結論
建議
參考文獻
致 謝
摘 要
自從我國女子網球運動員在世界網壇上取得了驕人的戰績，我國網球運動愈發充滿生機和活力，各高校網球訓練隊的組建和網球比賽的舉辦也在快速的發展，怎樣使高校網球比賽更加精彩、選手能發揮自己應有的水平，這些問題值得每一位網球工作者和愛好者深入地思考。高校網球運動員在學習網球運動時，經常忽略一項非常重要的技術：多方向移動技術。移動是各類體育項目都具有的一個基本要素，多方向移動是若干個單一移動技術的復合體，也是力量、速度、靈敏、協調等素質的綜合體現，通過多方向移動訓練可以最大限度地使運動員、體育愛好者和學生的速度與靈敏素質得到訓練和提高，使練習者在球場上應對各種隨機的事件時都能表現出出色的位移能力。同時，多方向移動能力的掌握，更有利于網球運動員基本技術的學習和比賽能力的發揮。
隨著國外身體運動功能訓練方法的引進與發展，多方向移動訓練方法在國外已獲得普遍認可，尤其在提高身體素質和比賽能力方面得到廣泛的好評，但是國內學者涉及的較少。本文就筆者的研究方向，對多方向移動訓練方法在高校網球訓練中的應用價值及具體訓練內容進行研究，篩選出適合發展高校網球運動員多方向移動能力的具體訓練內容，以達到提高網球運動員身體素質、基本技術和比賽能力的目的，同時，為其它高校格網對抗類項目多方向移動能力的發展提供參考。
本文主要采用實驗法，以哈爾濱學院體育系 14 屆網球訓練隊 16 名男生為研究對象，隨機分為實驗組與對照組，兩組實驗者的訓練內容相同，唯一不同的是實驗組在基本技術學習前加入多方向移動訓練。實驗前測試內容為身體形態、身體素質、基本技術，實驗后測試內容為身體素質、基本技術、比賽成績和比賽中相應技術指標的統計。得出以下結論：
（1）多方向移動訓練方法對高校網球運動員身體素質、基本技術和比賽能力有明顯提高。
（2）提高運動員身體素質方面，主要表現在靈敏性和移動能力有明顯增強。
（3）提高運動員基本技術方面，主要表現在擊球的準確性有明顯提高。
（4）提高運動員比賽能力方面，主要表現在總得分和制勝分增多、非受迫性失誤減少。
（5）多方向移動訓練方法與手段簡單易行，適用于高校網球訓練隊的日常訓練。
關鍵詞：網球；多方向移動訓練；比賽能力
Abstract
The Chinese woman's tennis athletes have achieved impressive record in theworld of tennis, it makes Chinese full of vitality and hope. The formation of the collegetennis training and the tennis team was held in rapid develop. How to make the tennisgame more exciting and players can play their proper level is an im portant topic toevery tennis athletes or tennis am ateurs. When collage tennis athlete first begun tolearn tennis, they always ignore a ve ry important technology: the study ofmulti-directional movement training. Most collage tennis training team is based ontechnical training. It is m ain include: basic skills of tennis forehand and backhand,volley ball, ball, high pressure, lob, drop shot s of the six basic fundam ental, ignore akey technology: multi-directional movement. Movement is a basic elem ent for everyphysical training. Multi-directional move ment is a complex of several single m obiletechnologies. And also it is the strength, speed, agility, coordination and other qualitiesof the comprehensive embodiment. The speed and the sensitive fitness of athlete, thephysical amateur and students can be eas ily improved through the m ulti-directionalmovement. Meanwhile the disp lacement ability can be easily show of f through thistraining. Only mastering the technology of m ulti-directional movement can we bettergrasp the tennis basic skill. It is the real sense of the master of tennis. And then we canachieve the excellent academic performance.
Tennis, classified as a skills-dom inated across-net antagonistic sport event, thegood sensitivity, response speed, movem ent speed and explosive fo rce, are the basisfor athletes to com plete high qual ity technology. With the introduction anddevelopment of foreign body m ovement function training method, multi-directionalmovement training method in foreign countries has been obtained generally recognized,especially in improving physical fitness and master the reasonable footwork ability hasbeen widely praised, but dom estic scholars involved less. In this paper, the author'sresearch direction, the application value of multi-directional movement trainingmethod in college tennis training and specific training content research, has reached tothe purpose of i mproving the tennis athlet e's physical quality, basic skills and thecompetition ability. Then selected suitable for the development of college tennis athletemulti-directional movement of specific training content. Meanwhile it prov ides thereference for the college grid against athlete developm ent about direction m ovementability.
We use the experimental method in thispaper.We choose one tennis training team which consist of 16 boys. They all come from Grade 2014 in Harbin University. The experiment was divided into the experimentalgroup and the control group random ly. The content of the training is the sam e. Theonly difference is that the exper imental group added the multi-d irection movementtraining before the basic technology study . Before the experiment, the content of thetest is body shape, physical quality and basic technology. After the experim ent, thecontent of the test is ph ysical fitness, basic technology, competition performance andtechnical indicators of the game statistics.Above these, I made a conclusion:
1.Through the m ulti-direction movement, training can improve the physicalquality, basic skills and competition ability of tennis players.
2.Multi-direction movement training in improving the physic al quality of theathletes made sensitive quality and moving ability increased significantly.
3.Multi-direction movement training in improving the basic technical aspects ofthe athletes made the accuracy of the shot increased significantly.
4.Multi-direction movement training in improving the basic technical aspects ofthe athletes made the winning points increased and the non-forced mistakes reduced.
5.Multi-direction movement training methods are simple and easy to be applied tothe daily training of college tennis team.
Keywords: Tennis; Multi-directional movement training; The competition ability
